{"id":7623,"date":"2026-03-29T13:59:59","date_gmt":"2026-03-29T11:59:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/phage-therapy-for-cystic-fibrosis\/"},"modified":"2026-04-10T13:45:06","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T11:45:06","slug":"phage-therapy-for-cystic-fibrosis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/phage-therapy-for-cystic-fibrosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Phage therapy for cystic fibrosis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lsvvdhmx-f3faa6929986275297264aaba7a4d990\">\n.avia-section.av-lsvvdhmx-f3faa6929986275297264aaba7a4d990{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Mukoviszidose1.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-lsvvdhmx-f3faa6929986275297264aaba7a4d990 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-50 av-height-50  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_pc='50' data-av_min_height_opt='50'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-7623'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lsvvclgr-00fa8bef365ff38822de8eaa3c87c77a\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-lsvvclgr-00fa8bef365ff38822de8eaa3c87c77a .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#0a0a0a;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lsvvclgr-00fa8bef365ff38822de8eaa3c87c77a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock styli av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1 class=\"styli\" style=\"text-align: center;\">  CYSTIC FIBROSIS<\/h1>\n<h2 class=\"styli\" style=\"text-align: center;\">WHY BACTERIOPHAGES FOR CYSTIC FIBROSIS?<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-7623'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-bf39n8-05473b10427a2e2014c92ea56273a726\">\n.flex_column.av-bf39n8-05473b10427a2e2014c92ea56273a726{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-bf39n8-05473b10427a2e2014c92ea56273a726 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_toggle_container  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mmnnkmvc-d3a9a293c5347ad7f0518ea2f4ba4f9a\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-mmnnkmvc-d3a9a293c5347ad7f0518ea2f4ba4f9a .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mmnnkmvc-d3a9a293c5347ad7f0518ea2f4ba4f9a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 data-path-to-node=\"3\"><b data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Quick check: Phage therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF)<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"4\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Effectiveness:<\/b> Targeted treatment of chronic lung colonization, especially by multidrug-resistant <i data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"101\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i> and <i data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"128\">Burkholderia cepacia<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Safety:<\/b> Inhaled use (nebulizer) is considered safe; phages penetrate thick mucus and biofilms more effectively than many standard antibiotics.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Status:<\/b> In Germany, currently available as an individual treatment attempt (\u00a7 13(2b) AMG) or via specialized imports from neighboring EU countries (Belgium).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,0\"><i data-path-to-node=\"5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">This specialist article was prepared based on current clinical studies on cystic fibrosis therapy (as of 2026) and professionally reviewed by experts in pulmonology and microbiology.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-lsvvf9nb-eb2230cb2ad4fc09b4b5afc635ccabbc av-elegant-toggle  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lsvven53-7e40646c5a84e55aa67e7e44c278c193'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-1' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-1' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-1' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"Symptoms\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: Symptoms\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: Symptoms\">Symptoms<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-1' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-1' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Symptoms and treatment for cystic fibrosis<\/h2>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \">\n<div class=\"avia_textblock \">\n<p>In patients with cystic fibrosis, the mucus in the bronchi is significantly more viscous than in healthy individuals.<br \/>\nThis leads to chronic coughing, bronchiectasis, frequent recurrent lung infections, and severe pneumonia.<br \/>\nThe thick secretion can only be transported out with difficulty by the ciliated epithelium of the trachea and bronchi.<br \/>\nTherefore, it provides an excellent growth medium for pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, especially in the first years of the disease,<br \/>\nand later on Pseudomonas aeruginosa.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_three_fifth flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first avia-builder-el-1 el_after_av_textblock el_before_av_two_fifth column-top-margin\">\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \">\n<div class=\"avia_textblock \"><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lsvveznb-17db13e234586f48b2dd7d90a1466fbb'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-2' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-2' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-2' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"Phage therapy\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: Phage therapy\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: Phage therapy\">Phage therapy<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-2' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-2' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Phage therapy for cystic fibrosis<\/h2>\n<p>In Eastern Europe, phage therapy is used to treat cystic fibrosis. Those affected who already have an intolerance to antibiotics benefit in particular from this therapy. However, antibiotics and bacteriophages are also used in combination.  <\/p>\n<p>The best-selling phage cocktail contains phages that lyse or kill the following bacteria:<\/p>\n<p>Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lsvvf8s5-8046039b644f1a0e6a11c4e7cb86300c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-3' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-3' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-3' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"Staphylococcus aureus\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: Staphylococcus aureus\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: Staphylococcus aureus\">Staphylococcus aureus<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-3' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-3' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Staphylococcus aureus<\/h2>\n<p>As mentioned above, in cystic fibrosis the lungs are often infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For this reason, this phage cocktail is used for cystic fibrosis.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ntznqs-0a02966edfa662f07a9e4389fbbcb018\">\n#top .flex_column.av-ntznqs-0a02966edfa662f07a9e4389fbbcb018{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-ntznqs-0a02966edfa662f07a9e4389fbbcb018{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-ntznqs-0a02966edfa662f07a9e4389fbbcb018{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ntznqs-0a02966edfa662f07a9e4389fbbcb018 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_toggle_container  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m3xv2s-85f7736686480431e653fc3f3bc2899a\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m3xv2s-85f7736686480431e653fc3f3bc2899a img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m3xv2s-85f7736686480431e653fc3f3bc2899a .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m3xv2s-85f7736686480431e653fc3f3bc2899a av-styling- av-img-linked avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-6  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage24.com\/Bakteriophagen\" class='avia_image '  aria-label='snipha-360-bacteriophages-microorganisms~2'><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-6902 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-6902 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2.jpg\" alt='' title='snipha-360-bacteriophages-microorganisms~2'  height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/snipha-360-bakteriophagen-mikroorganismen2-705x705.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k6kv3o-c8912dceef42159cba80e3375c5bf6e2\">\n#top .flex_column.av-k6kv3o-c8912dceef42159cba80e3375c5bf6e2{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-k6kv3o-c8912dceef42159cba80e3375c5bf6e2{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-k6kv3o-c8912dceef42159cba80e3375c5bf6e2{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-k6kv3o-c8912dceef42159cba80e3375c5bf6e2 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ikxw10-be5d2ed6d5f643c517996570741f7d65 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: left;\">Buy bacteriophages for cystic fibrosis<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-gybz8k-8ef310b6e6cee4f3603b551d4d9d3881 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Treatment with bacteriophages is usually started immediately. Since bacteriophages have no side effects, this procedure is harmless.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-erjor8-459a8816522e198219a1c64491326b51 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The goal of phage therapy is to bring the phages to the location where bacteria are present.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12ta3hw-e06c867712c60d8c1e574b3a7ef040f6\">\n#top .flex_column.av-12ta3hw-e06c867712c60d8c1e574b3a7ef040f6{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-12ta3hw-e06c867712c60d8c1e574b3a7ef040f6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-12ta3hw-e06c867712c60d8c1e574b3a7ef040f6{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-12ta3hw-e06c867712c60d8c1e574b3a7ef040f6 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-maavo9tl-2b7e98f44cdb09cb0d88d2987bb0ccbf\">\n.avia-image-container.av-maavo9tl-2b7e98f44cdb09cb0d88d2987bb0ccbf img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-maavo9tl-2b7e98f44cdb09cb0d88d2987bb0ccbf .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-maavo9tl-2b7e98f44cdb09cb0d88d2987bb0ccbf av-styling- av-img-linked avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-13  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.de\/Medisana-54520-umfangreichem-Inhalation-Erk%25C3%25A4ltungen\/dp\/B008KWOABK\/ref=sr_1_8?crid=NKE6WTAD8QP9&amp;=undefined&amp;keywords=inhalationsger%25C3%25A4t&amp;qid=1703425598&amp;sprefix=inhalation%252Caps%252C109&amp;sr=8-8&amp;th=1&amp;_encoding=UTF8&amp;tag=easymountat-21&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;linkId=459690130e53f7e1fb881f5e0a2a1402&amp;camp=1638&amp;creative=6742%22%3EInhalator%3C%2Fa%3E\" class='avia_image '  aria-label='71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_'><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-6930 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-6930 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_.jpg\" alt='' title='71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_'  height=\"1410\" width=\"1500\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_-300x282.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_-1030x968.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_-768x722.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/71fBoAn6JzL._AC_SL1500_-705x663.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-zvwl50-a4431c050a3623d2fe88dc6a7ce2ae63\">\n#top .flex_column.av-zvwl50-a4431c050a3623d2fe88dc6a7ce2ae63{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-zvwl50-a4431c050a3623d2fe88dc6a7ce2ae63{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-zvwl50-a4431c050a3623d2fe88dc6a7ce2ae63{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-zvwl50-a4431c050a3623d2fe88dc6a7ce2ae63 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-y3frr8-a3f00d365302e7efcc7b3344f2e68612 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: left;\">Use of bacteriophages for cystic fibrosis<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lsvvgobs-47837706757ae2b82e4864d2442b6771 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Approximately <strong>3 ml<\/strong> of the phage cocktail is inhaled undiluted using an inhaler<strong> at least twice a day<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Inhalation summary:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Amount:<\/strong> 3 ml<br \/>\n<strong>Use:<\/strong> at least 2x per day<br \/>\n<strong>Duration:<\/strong> 10 days<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7eh2t0-2a44cb597a43cff5b91107188be2b92b\">\n#top .flex_column.av-7eh2t0-2a44cb597a43cff5b91107188be2b92b{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-7eh2t0-2a44cb597a43cff5b91107188be2b92b{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-7eh2t0-2a44cb597a43cff5b91107188be2b92b{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-7eh2t0-2a44cb597a43cff5b91107188be2b92b av_one_half  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ltwvlros-ed9c2deb7b70bd991cf11c6013d8bfdd\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ltwvlros-ed9c2deb7b70bd991cf11c6013d8bfdd img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ltwvlros-ed9c2deb7b70bd991cf11c6013d8bfdd .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ltwvlros-ed9c2deb7b70bd991cf11c6013d8bfdd av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-19  el_before_av_image  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-7629 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-7629 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung1.jpg\" alt='' title='phage_help_instructions1'  height=\"300\" width=\"600\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung1-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ltwvl91x-d67b70427bfe3a4d3411dd0bcdab58bb\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ltwvl91x-d67b70427bfe3a4d3411dd0bcdab58bb img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ltwvl91x-d67b70427bfe3a4d3411dd0bcdab58bb .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ltwvl91x-d67b70427bfe3a4d3411dd0bcdab58bb av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_image '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-7628 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-7628 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung2.jpg\" alt='' title='phage_help_instructions2'  height=\"300\" width=\"600\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung2-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ltwvlz0j-6b673fd3db1df354093cc356e55ddd69\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ltwvlz0j-6b673fd3db1df354093cc356e55ddd69 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ltwvlz0j-6b673fd3db1df354093cc356e55ddd69 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ltwvlz0j-6b673fd3db1df354093cc356e55ddd69 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_image  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-7630 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-7630 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung3.jpg\" alt='' title='phage_help_instructions3'  height=\"300\" width=\"600\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/phage_help_anleitung3-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6fmshg-c2749a12bed62c57f6390e8a3ef0fca6\">\n#top .flex_column.av-6fmshg-c2749a12bed62c57f6390e8a3ef0fca6{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-6fmshg-c2749a12bed62c57f6390e8a3ef0fca6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-6fmshg-c2749a12bed62c57f6390e8a3ef0fca6{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-6fmshg-c2749a12bed62c57f6390e8a3ef0fca6 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-3kt8b8-b2bb21f0a84b445ea57dc6457abab1b1 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Nasal rinse<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In addition, the nasal area should be treated with phages every <strong>7 days<\/strong>. The nose is cleaned before use. For nasal cleansing, the phage cocktail is diluted with boiled and <strong>cooled water at room temperature in a 1:3 ratio (10 ml phage cocktail, 30 ml water)<\/strong>. The nose is rinsed with the mixture.   <\/p>\n<p><strong>Nasal rinse summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Amount:<\/strong> 10 ml phages + 30 ml water<br \/>\n<strong>Use: <\/strong>2x per day<br \/>\n<strong>Duration:<\/strong> 7 days<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, only a few clinical studies are available on this. However, good results have been reported (see studies below). <\/p>\n<p>Lysis (breakdown) of the bacteria produces endotoxins. Endotoxins are fragments of the lysed bacteria. The presence of these endotoxins prompts the body to activate its natural defense system, which breaks down these endotoxins. Activation of the immune system can place greater strain on the body.   <\/p>\n<div>In any case, phage therapy should be carried out under medical supervision.<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-cly1ro-09e2a32f7c83118ee69254af6cfa4097\">\n#top .flex_column.av-cly1ro-09e2a32f7c83118ee69254af6cfa4097{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-cly1ro-09e2a32f7c83118ee69254af6cfa4097{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-cly1ro-09e2a32f7c83118ee69254af6cfa4097{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-cly1ro-09e2a32f7c83118ee69254af6cfa4097 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-bfo9tg-c3ec498f9e4662e2e673e1a317ea32d3\">\n.avia-image-container.av-bfo9tg-c3ec498f9e4662e2e673e1a317ea32d3 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-bfo9tg-c3ec498f9e4662e2e673e1a317ea32d3 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-bfo9tg-c3ec498f9e4662e2e673e1a317ea32d3 av-styling- av-img-linked avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-25  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage24.com\/Bakterien-Untersuchung-Antibiogramm-Phagogramm\" class='avia_image '  aria-label='bacteria-examination-antibiogram-phagogram'><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-6903 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-6903 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-300x300.jpg\" alt='' title='bacteria-examination-antibiogram-phagogram'  height=\"300\" width=\"300\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm-705x705.jpg 705w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/bakterien-untersuchung-antibiogramm-phagogramm.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8kv52s-840bb82c1953ac6e3ecd6c234cb5f5fd\">\n#top .flex_column.av-8kv52s-840bb82c1953ac6e3ecd6c234cb5f5fd{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-8kv52s-840bb82c1953ac6e3ecd6c234cb5f5fd{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-8kv52s-840bb82c1953ac6e3ecd6c234cb5f5fd{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8kv52s-840bb82c1953ac6e3ecd6c234cb5f5fd av_one_half  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_toggle_container  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-7ydlk4-68276f858f647f67ffb5234c75d6cb79 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: left;\">Diagnostics of phage therapy<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-6ku4b8-a1c8a3f8cb7e7efbc026711be2b33c30 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>If desired, diagnostics for phage therapy (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/bakteriophagen\/antibiogram-phagogramm-definition-ablauf-und-anwendungen\/\">phagogram<\/a>) precede treatment to determine the disease-causing germ.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-b49g4-ff0943da6c8ec36297b38c1af260ac07 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Bacteriophages can only be effective if the corresponding host bacterium is present.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-mnhlsjxs-ec11c03beae3f25a824f6309c3613dea av-elegant-toggle  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-mnhlrybi-c457a6735779e84334a0729213728db8'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-4' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-4' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-4' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"Scientific Classification &amp; Study Status\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: Scientific Classification &amp; Study Status\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: Scientific Classification &amp; Study Status\">Scientific Classification &amp; Study Status<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-4' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-4' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p data-path-to-node=\"9\">Chronic bacterial infection of the airways is the key factor driving morbidity in cystic fibrosis. The main focus is on <b data-path-to-node=\"9\" data-index-in-node=\"151\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/b>, <b data-path-to-node=\"9\" data-index-in-node=\"175\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/b>, and the highly resistant <b data-path-to-node=\"9\" data-index-in-node=\"220\">Burkholderia cepacia complex<\/b>. The primary scientific challenge in CF is the formation of thick biofilms in viscous bronchial mucus, which act as a diffusion barrier for antibiotics. Bacteriophages, by contrast, often have specific enzymes (depolymerases) that can actively break down this matrix.   <\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\">The <b data-path-to-node=\"10\" data-index-in-node=\"4\">Eliava Institute<\/b> in Georgia has decades of experience treating CF patients with inhaled phage cocktails. In Europe, projects such as <b data-path-to-node=\"10\" data-index-in-node=\"173\">PhagoBurn<\/b> have played a key role in shaping regulatory standards for GMP-compliant phage preparations (Good Manufacturing Practice). Current <b data-path-to-node=\"10\" data-index-in-node=\"311\">Belgian collaborations<\/b> at the Queen Astrid Military Hospital, as well as clinical pilot studies in Germany (e.g., at Charit\u00e9), are currently investigating personalized phage therapy as an integral part of treatment management. Data from 2025\/2026 suggest that phages can stabilize lung function (FEV1) by significantly reducing the bacterial load in the lower airways.   <\/p>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \">\n<div class=\"avia_textblock \"><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_three_fifth flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first avia-builder-el-1 el_after_av_textblock el_before_av_two_fifth column-top-margin\">\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \">\n<div class=\"avia_textblock \"><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-mnhls8z5-5d1a0b1fe02f2ddbfd5738bdcf969e5a'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-5' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-5' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-5' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-5' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-5' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p data-path-to-node=\"12\"><b data-path-to-node=\"12\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Is phage therapy for cystic fibrosis approved in Germany?<\/b>  A general marketing authorization for phages as ready-to-use medicinal products is currently still lacking in Germany. However, their use is legally permitted as an <b data-path-to-node=\"12\" data-index-in-node=\"213\">individual treatment attempt<\/b> or via a <b data-path-to-node=\"12\" data-index-in-node=\"254\">magistral formulation<\/b> (individual prescription prepared by a pharmacy) when conventional antibiotics no longer show sufficient effect. <\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\"><b data-path-to-node=\"13\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">How quickly does it work for a lung infection?<\/b> Initial clinical improvements, such as reduced sputum volume or easier breathing, can often occur within <b data-path-to-node=\"13\" data-index-in-node=\"190\">3 to 7 days<\/b> after starting inhalation. Because phages multiply exponentially as long as target bacteria are present, the effective dose is particularly high directly at the site of infection. <\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14\"><b data-path-to-node=\"14\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Can phages be used together with antibiotics or modulators (ETI)?<\/b>  Yes, the combination is usually highly effective. This <b data-path-to-node=\"14\" data-index-in-node=\"128\">synergistic effect<\/b> (phage-antibiotic synergy) means that phages break up biofilms and antibiotics can then reach the remaining pathogens in lung tissue more effectively again. Interactions with CFTR modulators such as Kaftrio\/Trikafta are not currently known.  <\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15\"><b data-path-to-node=\"15\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Why is a phagogram mandatory before treatment for cystic fibrosis?<\/b> Because phages act with extreme specificity on certain bacterial strains, a <b data-path-to-node=\"15\" data-index-in-node=\"157\">phagogram<\/b> must be performed in the laboratory beforehand to verify that the selected phages actually lyse (break down) the patient\u2019s individual sputum isolate. Without this test, the success of this highly specific therapy cannot be planned. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-mnhlshwc-9502c7d0927237cb7d78a1270f35bc28'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p id='toggle-toggle-id-6' data-fake-id='#toggle-id-6' class='toggler  av-title-above '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-6' data-slide-speed=\"200\" data-title=\"Scientific Sources &amp; References\" data-title-open=\"\" data-aria_collapsed=\"Click to expand: Scientific Sources &amp; References\" data-aria_expanded=\"Click to collapse: Scientific Sources &amp; References\">Scientific Sources &amp; References<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-6' aria-labelledby='toggle-toggle-id-6' role='region' class='toggle_wrap  av-title-above'  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Nature:<\/b> Personalized inhaled bacteriophage therapy for treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41591-025-03678-8\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41591-025-03678-8<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">PubMed:<\/b> Phage therapy to treat cystic fibrosis Burkholderia cepacia complex lung infections: perspectives and challenges<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/microbiology\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1476041\/full\">https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/microbiology\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1476041\/full<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">MDPI:<\/b> Bacteriophage Therapy: Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance Through Advanced Delivery Methods<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/2\/324\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/31\/2\/32<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2zhhf8-ac1285cc003cce7de7ee19d0cc677e22 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">Studies on cystic fibrosis<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/translate?hl=de&amp;sl=en&amp;tl=de&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-018-37636-x\">Phage therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a zebrafish model of cystic fibrosis<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/translate?hl=de&amp;sl=en&amp;tl=de&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4509528%2F\">Bacteriophage-based therapy for cystic fibrosis-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: rationale and current status<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-922kgk-a100e5daed7c2b727816d4c3cafcb4e8\">\n.flex_column.av-922kgk-a100e5daed7c2b727816d4c3cafcb4e8{\nborder-radius:0 0 0 0;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-922kgk-a100e5daed7c2b727816d4c3cafcb4e8 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-33  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_three_fourth  autor first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2noxw-3f7ff2d2349c420cc468939f5b89038c\">\n.avia-image-container.av-2noxw-3f7ff2d2349c420cc468939f5b89038c img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-2noxw-3f7ff2d2349c420cc468939f5b89038c .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-2noxw-3f7ff2d2349c420cc468939f5b89038c av-styling-circle avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-34  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-6904 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-6904 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-300x300.png\" alt='' title='Elena Kastner'  height=\"300\" width=\"300\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner-705x705.png 705w, https:\/\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Elena-Kastner.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6a1yjo-b99a911af2a746f958dab1b864a00895\">\n.flex_column.av-6a1yjo-b99a911af2a746f958dab1b864a00895{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-6a1yjo-b99a911af2a746f958dab1b864a00895 av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-35  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_tab_section  avia-builder-el-last  autor flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-4js0o4-611a5b68868df4ed6de89eb5c29b823a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock autor-text'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">Author: Elena Kastner<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2sf2h0-94d67f4fbbc05ebb5fc5278940290274 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock autor-text'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Elena Kastner is an experienced specialist journalist focusing on health communication. Her focus is on evidence-based reporting and quality assurance of medical information in the digital space. With her expertise, she bridges the gap between scientific depth and practical applicability.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='av-post-metadata-container av-mnkf8zwa-78df1d7ea0de19edb91d65a242dbd655 av-metadata-container-align-left  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  av-metadata-container-1'><div class='av-post-metadata-container-inner'><span class=\"av-post-metadata-content av-post-metadata-meta-content\"><span class=\"av-post-metadata-content av-post-metadata-modified\"><span class=\"av-metadata-before av-metadata-before-modified\">Stand:<\/span><span class=\"av-post-metadata-modified-date\" >10. 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class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Next<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_tab_section_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-7623'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'><\/p>\n\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2q31s4-7bef005d03a3dcd01bf8fccd62718d94 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" >\t\t\t<div id=\"bbpress-forums\">\r\n\t\t\t\n<ul id=\"bbp-forum-0\" class=\"bbp-topics\">\n\t<li class=\"bbp-header\">\n\t\t<ul class=\"forum-titles\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-title\">Topic<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-voice-count\">Voices<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-reply-count\">Posts<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-freshness\">Last Post<\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-body\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<ul id=\"bbp-topic-3300\" class=\"loop-item-0 user-id-3 bbp-parent-forum-3251 odd  super-sticky post-3300 topic type-topic status-publish hentry topic-tag-wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen topic-voices-multi\">\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-title\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"bbp-topic-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen\/\">Wo kann man Bakteriophagen kaufen?<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-pagination\"><a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen\/\">1<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen\/page\/2\/\">2<\/a>\n<span class=\"page-numbers dots\">&hellip;<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen\/page\/4\/\">4<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen\/page\/5\/\">5<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"bbp-topic-meta\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-started-by\">Started by: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/users\/Manuel\/\" title=\"View Manuel&#039;s profile\" class=\"bbp-author-link\"><span  class=\"bbp-author-avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3fe509c3467a8180cae260793a3c13a273446d12aa9eabbd7ebc0d96638f478c?s=14&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3fe509c3467a8180cae260793a3c13a273446d12aa9eabbd7ebc0d96638f478c?s=28&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-14 photo' height='14' width='14' \/><\/span><span  class=\"bbp-author-name\">Manuel<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-started-in\">in: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/forum\/allgemein\/\">Bakteriophagen<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-voice-count\">33<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-reply-count\">61<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-freshness\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/wo-kann-man-bakteriophagen-kaufen\/page\/5\/#post-6354\" title=\"Reply To: Wo kann man Bakteriophagen kaufen?\">2 years, 2 months ago<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"bbp-topic-meta\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-freshness-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/users\/coco\/\" title=\"View Coco&#039;s profile\" class=\"bbp-author-link\"><span  class=\"bbp-author-avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c0aad286833e08fd1d1c617b8a8b506c046ff250ed565985e3f2ecac15246c41?s=14&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c0aad286833e08fd1d1c617b8a8b506c046ff250ed565985e3f2ecac15246c41?s=28&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-14 photo' height='14' width='14' \/><\/span><span  class=\"bbp-author-name\">Coco<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><!-- #bbp-topic-3300 -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<ul id=\"bbp-topic-6602\" class=\"loop-item-1 user-id-87042 bbp-parent-forum-3251 even  post-6602 topic type-topic status-publish hentry topic-tag-zistytis-mit-e-coli topic-voices-single\">\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-title\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"bbp-topic-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/zistytis-mit-e-coli\/\">Zistytis mit e.coli<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"bbp-topic-meta\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-started-by\">Started by: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/users\/serba\/\" title=\"View Serba&#039;s profile\" class=\"bbp-author-link\"><span  class=\"bbp-author-avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/329183b12e40f9b13d575e58271924afd737aafb5a1ed9a8b899d7610899a0a7?s=14&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/329183b12e40f9b13d575e58271924afd737aafb5a1ed9a8b899d7610899a0a7?s=28&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-14 photo' height='14' width='14' \/><\/span><span  class=\"bbp-author-name\">Serba<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-started-in\">in: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/forum\/allgemein\/\">Bakteriophagen<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-voice-count\">1<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-reply-count\">1<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-freshness\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/zistytis-mit-e-coli\/\" title=\"Zistytis mit e.coli\">11 months, 3 weeks ago<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"bbp-topic-meta\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-freshness-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/users\/serba\/\" title=\"View Serba&#039;s profile\" class=\"bbp-author-link\"><span  class=\"bbp-author-avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/329183b12e40f9b13d575e58271924afd737aafb5a1ed9a8b899d7610899a0a7?s=14&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/329183b12e40f9b13d575e58271924afd737aafb5a1ed9a8b899d7610899a0a7?s=28&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-14 photo' height='14' width='14' \/><\/span><span  class=\"bbp-author-name\">Serba<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><!-- #bbp-topic-6602 -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<ul id=\"bbp-topic-3898\" class=\"loop-item-2 user-id-11 bbp-parent-forum-3251 odd  post-3898 topic type-topic status-publish hentry topic-tag-viele-fragen topic-voices-multi\">\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-title\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"bbp-topic-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/viele-fragen\/\">Viele Fragen :-)<\/a>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-pagination\"><a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/viele-fragen\/\">1<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/viele-fragen\/page\/2\/\">2<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"bbp-topic-meta\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-started-by\">Started by: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/users\/matthias24\/\" title=\"View Matthias24&#039;s profile\" class=\"bbp-author-link\"><span  class=\"bbp-author-avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7b9119b6970e658b88d7aa51567a7624e9e256b241a2426db8e4edef6f5f8160?s=14&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7b9119b6970e658b88d7aa51567a7624e9e256b241a2426db8e4edef6f5f8160?s=28&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-14 photo' height='14' width='14' \/><\/span><span  class=\"bbp-author-name\">Matthias24<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-started-in\">in: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/forum\/allgemein\/\">Bakteriophagen<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-voice-count\">11<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-reply-count\">23<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-topic-freshness\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/topic\/viele-fragen\/page\/2\/#post-6601\" title=\"Reply To: Viele Fragen :-)\">1 year ago<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"bbp-topic-meta\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span class=\"bbp-topic-freshness-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/forums\/users\/haumea2010\/\" title=\"View Haumea2010&#039;s profile\" class=\"bbp-author-link\"><span  class=\"bbp-author-avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cfa78bf3d57e68708d7f5cf2592c876699b7211dae947027955e0a5d55459579?s=14&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cfa78bf3d57e68708d7f5cf2592c876699b7211dae947027955e0a5d55459579?s=28&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-14 photo' height='14' width='14' \/><\/span><span  class=\"bbp-author-name\">Haumea2010<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><!-- #bbp-topic-3898 -->\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/li>\n\n\t<li class=\"bbp-footer\">\n\t\t<div class=\"tr\">\n\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"td colspan4\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .tr -->\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><!-- #bbp-forum-0 -->\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7286,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7623","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7623"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7650,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7623\/revisions\/7650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}