{"id":8856,"date":"2023-09-26T14:50:29","date_gmt":"2023-09-26T12:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/unkategorisiert\/antibiogram-phagogram\/"},"modified":"2026-05-18T09:07:07","modified_gmt":"2026-05-18T07:07:07","slug":"antibiogram-phagogram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/bacteriophages\/antibiogram-phagogram\/","title":{"rendered":"Antibiogram &amp; phagogram"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7ripfj-ae1a607e22e995b69c38f9181be60bff\">\n.flex_column.av-7ripfj-ae1a607e22e995b69c38f9181be60bff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-7ripfj-ae1a607e22e995b69c38f9181be60bff av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0bmqst-c3736f6091b4bd4b522b3b63d6d91e16 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1 class=\"p1\">Antibiogram &amp; phagogram: definition, procedure, and applications<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ln0bh8y0-ccf67d733bee38d8160dbfddea7f5eaf\">\n.flex_column.av-ln0bh8y0-ccf67d733bee38d8160dbfddea7f5eaf{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ln0bh8y0-ccf67d733bee38d8160dbfddea7f5eaf av_one_half  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0bhh8p-9ffab4d67749747e91b72f286b4b0a5c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"p1\">The antibiogram:<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"p1\">Definition:<\/h3>\n<p>An antibiogram is the result of antibiotic susceptibility testing. It indicates which antibiotics a specific bacterial pathogen is resistant or susceptible to. <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12wy7-32a9bd8e2b566ab9739b9dad4e806f55\">\n.flex_column.av-12wy7-32a9bd8e2b566ab9739b9dad4e806f55{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-12wy7-32a9bd8e2b566ab9739b9dad4e806f55 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0bq39r-b1d7c6ccdf88bb65ddc609da3ca8dee8 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 class=\"p1\">Procedure:<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">To create an antibiogram, a patient sample is taken, for example by swabbing a wound or collecting urine in the case of a urinary tract infection. This sample is examined for the presence of bacteria. The bacteria found are cultured on an agar plate and exposed to various antibiotics. If the antibiotic can kill the bacterium, this is visible on the agar plate.   <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7a8pgf-d8cb8dcba6f9ab05f32d13a7cb21557c\">\n.flex_column.av-7a8pgf-d8cb8dcba6f9ab05f32d13a7cb21557c{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-7a8pgf-d8cb8dcba6f9ab05f32d13a7cb21557c av_one_half  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ln0bk805-bb0c40e3397071ce9833a79694ba46c9\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ln0bk805-bb0c40e3397071ce9833a79694ba46c9 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ln0bk805-bb0c40e3397071ce9833a79694ba46c9 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ln0bk805-bb0c40e3397071ce9833a79694ba46c9 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-8860 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-8860 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?fit=1920%2C1440&ssl=1\" alt='' title='Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton'  height=\"1440\" width=\"1920\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?resize=1030%2C773&amp;ssl=1 1030w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?resize=1500%2C1125&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Antibiogram-Mueller-Hinton.jpg?resize=705%2C529&amp;ssl=1 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lnbswi54-172b4867fd65ff0c0cf38a480df7f2c8 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Source: https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antibiogramm<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-68y44f-14a861e0804f6d1b8959a06c04dc96a8\">\n.flex_column.av-68y44f-14a861e0804f6d1b8959a06c04dc96a8{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-68y44f-14a861e0804f6d1b8959a06c04dc96a8 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0bqfz1-814708e4f6b4c69f8aaf80c452a8b32c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 class=\"p1\">Interpretation:<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">The result of the antibiogram is interpreted as follows:<\/p>\n<p><strong>S:<\/strong> Susceptible to the tested antibiotic. When using a standard dose and administration, there is a high likelihood of treatment success. <\/p>\n<p><strong>I:<\/strong> Susceptible with increased exposure (&#8220;Increased&#8221;). Previously also referred to as intermediate susceptibility. Treatment success is possible if higher exposure of the pathogen to the active substance is achieved at the site of infection, e.g., through an adjusted (higher) dose or a different route of administration (IV instead of oral).  <\/p>\n<p><strong>R:<\/strong> The microorganism is resistant to the tested antibiotic. Even with increased exposure, the likelihood of treatment failure is high.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-cm2xr-5d673c7632e95a97a52ac255aaa8a3fa\">\n.flex_column.av-cm2xr-5d673c7632e95a97a52ac255aaa8a3fa{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-cm2xr-5d673c7632e95a97a52ac255aaa8a3fa av_one_full  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><div  class='hr av-25norz-6b558a5c9b710f15c4d9c157194e2ca8 hr-default  avia-builder-el-12  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5iabnj-cc6c57c3dd06ab9389e263d191af6161\">\n.flex_column.av-5iabnj-cc6c57c3dd06ab9389e263d191af6161{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-5iabnj-cc6c57c3dd06ab9389e263d191af6161 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0bnao7-4bcf4d1363c24d754ed69eebce7ca5fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"p1\">Phagogram:<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"p1\">Definition:<\/h3>\n<p>A phagogram is the result of phage susceptibility testing. It indicates which phages a specific bacterial pathogen is resistant or susceptible to. <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4u01vz-2eda198f89aeee23b74ad88fdd6f8330\">\n.flex_column.av-4u01vz-2eda198f89aeee23b74ad88fdd6f8330{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4u01vz-2eda198f89aeee23b74ad88fdd6f8330 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0br7u6-879226e40894bc1111ba5ee44c66e642 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 class=\"p1\">Procedure:<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">To create a phagogram, a patient sample is taken, for example by swabbing a wound or collecting urine in the case of a urinary tract infection. This sample is examined for the presence of bacteria. The bacteria found are cultured on an agar plate and exposed to various phages. If the phages can lyse the bacterium, this is visible on the agar plate.   <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4wtnan-3b60620a2b515a14390b93225cf0a818\">\n.flex_column.av-4wtnan-3b60620a2b515a14390b93225cf0a818{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4wtnan-3b60620a2b515a14390b93225cf0a818 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2vxjpb-6b05bdc4eeba2c66bf5f72a86c940344\">\n.avia-image-container.av-2vxjpb-6b05bdc4eeba2c66bf5f72a86c940344 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-2vxjpb-6b05bdc4eeba2c66bf5f72a86c940344 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-2vxjpb-6b05bdc4eeba2c66bf5f72a86c940344 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-18  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-8861 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-8861 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?fit=300%2C291&ssl=1\" alt='' title='phagogramm'  height=\"291\" width=\"300\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?w=1482&amp;ssl=1 1482w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?resize=300%2C291&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?resize=1030%2C1001&amp;ssl=1 1030w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?resize=768%2C746&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?resize=36%2C36&amp;ssl=1 36w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/phagogramm.jpg?resize=705%2C685&amp;ssl=1 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2p0hnj-fd0531340b1cd6c7e382df2ce5d38c9e\">\n.flex_column.av-2p0hnj-fd0531340b1cd6c7e382df2ce5d38c9e{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-2p0hnj-fd0531340b1cd6c7e382df2ce5d38c9e av_one_half  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ln0brpe9-c657118f040c5f72e199baa8b6e4d54a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 class=\"p1\">Interpretation<\/h3>\n<p>The result of the phagogram is interpreted as follows:<\/p>\n<p><strong>+<\/strong>: Susceptible to the tested phage. When using a standard dose and administration, there is a high likelihood of treatment success.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211;<\/strong>: The microorganism is resistant to the tested phage. Even with increased exposure, the likelihood of treatment failure is high.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":558,"featured_media":8678,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[253],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bacteriophages"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.phage.help\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Harn.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pazElU-2iQ","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/558"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8856"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8912,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8856\/revisions\/8912"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phage.help\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}