Bacteriophages in Urology: Application Experience in Russia

In February 2020, a scientific and practical conference with international participation “Rational Pharmacotherapy in Urology – 2020” took place in Moscow. Dr. med. prepared a program report on clinical recommendations for antimicrobial therapy and prevention of infections of the kidneys, urinary tract, and male reproductive organs. Professor Tamara Perepanova, Head of the Department of Urology and Interventional Radiology named after M.Sc. N.A. Lopatkin, Chairman of the Moscow Society of Urologists, Chairman of the IGO “Rational Pharmacotherapy in Urology”, Board Member of the European Section for Infections in Urology of the European Association of Urologists. In particular, Professor Perepanova noted that an important problem in urology is the increasing antibiotic resistance of uropathogens in both outpatient and hospital settings. The search for alternative agents for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections continues.

The search for alternative agents for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections is not yet complete. Professor T.S. Perepanova presented the results of a study on the efficacy of using purified polyvalent pyobacteriophages for the treatment and prevention of infectious complications after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy compared to antibiotic prophylaxis. Before percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, 30 patients received pyobacteriophages and another 30 patients received ciprofloxacin. Additionally, in the first group, to combat biofilm formation, urethral catheters were immersed in a solution of pyobacteriophages (for 30 minutes). This did not produce a significant bacteriological effect, as biofilms formed on the catheters. However, live bacteriophages were found in two biofilms, which requires further research. A comparative analysis showed a decrease in the incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the group treated with bacteriophages compared to the group receiving antibiotics, and an equivalent effect of treatment and prevention on the seventh day after surgery. Thus, the purified multivalent drug pyobacteriophage can be used to prevent and treat infectious and inflammatory complications of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy as an alternative to antibiotics. To improve antimicrobial efficacy, constant monitoring of microorganism sensitivity to bacteriophage preparations and regular updating of bacteriophage preparations against pathogens of a specific hospital or patient is required.

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